Four-dimensional Aesthetics of Whisked Tea in Song Dynasty

The so-called “diancha” or preparing tea by whisking the powdered tea with water at 70-80℃ popular in the Song Dynasty is one of the brewing methods by Chinese in history. The technique was inspired by and evolved with artistically expressing the aesthetics in four dimensions of tea steeping, utensil design, ceremonious serving, and atmospheric display. Historical literature as well as contemporary studies revealed the unique pursuance by tea connoisseurs. This article systematically analyzed the intricate four-dimensional aesthetic and cultural framework on the leisure activity. The ancient tradition has not only continued throughout the millennium, it also profoundly influenced the present-day practices in tea house design, lifestyle change, entertainment/tourism, and intangible culture heritage revitalization. Not merely the ostensibly exhibited ritual and ceremony, the Song tea-whisking literally conveys the intriguing philosophy and aesthetics which can be emulated by the contemporary designers and creators of the art surrounding tea drinking. This article re-interpretated the Song Dynasty “diancha” with four-dimensional elements to help bridge between the tradition and modernity by unveiling the hidden treasures of the extraordinary cultural creation.