低分子量有机酸对茶园土壤活性铝形态的影响

庞晓艳; 潘继花; 陈迎港; 刘飞; 孙小银; 叶敦雨

doi:10.20045/j.cnki.issn.2096-0220.2023.01.007

低分子量有机酸对茶园土壤活性铝形态的影响

Effects of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids on the Forms of Active Aluminum in Tea Garden Soils

摘要

摘要:
目的低分子量有机酸是茶园土壤物质的重要组成部分，其存在会改变土壤中含铝矿物的结晶状态，影响铝的赋存形态，进而影响茶树生长环境。
方法以日照市主要茶园土壤类型——棕壤为研究对象，通过室内培养实验，研究3种低分子量有机酸（柠檬酸、苹果酸与草酸）对茶园土壤活性铝形态分布的影响；并以柠檬酸为例，研究有机酸浓度和pH环境条件对土壤活性铝形态分布的影响。
结果与空白对照相比，3种有机酸均可显著提高茶园土壤中交换态铝（Ex-Al）含量，提升幅度顺序为柠檬酸>苹果酸>草酸；有机酸也可提高土壤中有机结合态铝（Or-Al）含量，且柠檬酸表现更为显著；随柠檬酸浓度增加，有利于土壤中的铝向Ex-Al和无机吸附态铝（In-Al）转化；经柠檬酸培养处理的茶园土壤中Ex-Al、Or-Al、铝的水合氧化物和氢氧化物（Hy-Al）、腐殖酸铝（Ha-Al）含量随pH升高均呈下降趋势。
结论有机酸显著影响茶园土壤中活性铝的含量及形态转化。加强茶园科学管理，有效缓解土壤酸化可降低铝毒对茶树生长和茶叶品质的影响。

Abstract:
Objective Taking brown soil, the main tea garden soil type in Rizhao City, as the research object, the effects of three low molecular weight organic acids (citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid) on the distribution of active aluminum species in tea garden soil were studied by indoor culture experiments.
Method Taking citric acid as an example, the effects of organic acids concentration and pH conditions on the distribution of active aluminum in soil were studied.
Result Compared with the blank control, all three organic acids could significantly increase the content of Ex-Al in tea garden soil, and the increasing order was citric acid > malic acid > oxalic acid; Organic acids could also increase the content of Or-Al in soil, especially citric acid; With increasing of citric acid concentration, aluminum in the soil could be transformed into Ex-Al and In-Al; The contents of Ex-Al, Or-Al, Hy-Al, Ha-Al in tea garden soil treated with citric acid decreased with increasing pH values.
Conclusion It suggested that low molecular weight organic acids had a significant effect on the content and transformation of active aluminum in tea garden soils. Scientific management of tea gardens and alleviation of soil acidification could reduce the impact of aluminum toxicity on tea plant growth and tea quality.

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