茶芽枯病病原菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究

郑士琴; 鞠昊言; 李灿香; 单睿阳; 游小妹; 陈常颂

doi:10.20045/j.cnki.issn.2096-0220.2025.06.005

茶芽枯病病原菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究

Identification and Biological Characteristics of Tea Bud Blight Pathogen

摘要

摘要:
目的分离与鉴定茶芽枯病病原菌，筛选适合其生长及产孢的培养条件，为研究茶芽枯病菌的生长特性和病害综合治理提供依据。
方法采用组织分离法分离病原菌，并通过形态学、分子鉴定和致病力测定等方法确定。采用6种培养基（PDA、PSA、OA、MEA、CM和V8培养基）观测茶芽枯病菌菌丝生长和产孢情况，并评估了温度与pH值对菌株生长的影响。
结果分离到一株茶芽枯病病原菌，其形态学符合Phyllosticta capitalensis的特征，系统发育树中与P. capitalensis聚在一起，致病力测定结果与田间自然发病的症状相似，符合柯赫氏法则。菌株在V8培养基上生长速率最大，在PSA培养基上产孢量最多。培养基pH值为6，培养温度25 ℃时，菌株生长最快。
结论本研究获得的茶芽枯病病原菌为Phyllosticta capitalensis，最适宜产孢培养基为PSA，最适宜温度为25 ℃、pH值为6。

Abstract:
Objective The pathogen that causes bud blight on tea plants was identified and biologically characterized to facilitate disease control.
Method A suspected pathogen was isolated using the tissue isolation method. Taxological identification of the isolate was conducted by morphological examination, molecular analysis, and pathogenicity determination. Mycelial growth and sporulation of the isolate on potato dextrose agar (PDA), potato sucrose agar (PSA), oatmeal agar (OA), malt extract agar (MEA), corn meal agar (CM), and V8 juice agar (V8) media were observed with optimal culture conditions determined.
Result The microorganism that caused tea bud blight was identified to belong to Phyllosticta capitalensis with the phylogenetic tree clustered with other strains in the family. The pathogenicity of the isolate followed Koch's postulates that rendered disease symptoms similar to natural infection in the field. At 25 °C and pH 6, a maximum growth rate of the isolate was shown on V8 medium and the greatest sporulation on PSA.
Conclusion The pathogen responsible for the bud blight on tea bushes in this study was identified to be P. capitalensis. It propagated well on PSA at 25 °C and pH 6.

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