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‘龙井43’加工白茶及其发酵茶饮料加工技术研究

Research on the Processing Technology ofWhite Tea Processed from 'Longjing 43' and Its Fermented Tea Beverage

  • 摘要: 白茶是我国传统六大茶类之一,目前浙江省内部分品种具有白茶开发与生产潜力。本文利用龙井43茶树品种鲜叶,按照传统工艺制成白茶并进行感官审评及主要生化成分检测,结果表明:鲜叶萎凋38 h 后烘干可获得较佳白茶品质,其茶多酚、游离氨基酸和咖啡碱含量分别为260.3 ± 2.2 mg·g-1,41.4 ± 1.3 mg·g-1和39.3 ± 1.0 mg·g-1;以此为原料,利用混合菌种进行3因素4水平茶汤发酵正交试验,结果表明:影响菌液感官审评结果的主次顺序为白砂糖添加量>白茶用量>菌种接种量,其中白砂糖添加量影响最为显著。在菌种接种量2.5 mg·mL-1、白砂糖添加量0.25 g·mL-1和白茶用量15.0 g·L-1条件下,制得的发酵茶饮料汤色清澈淡黄,酸甜香怡人,滋味酸甜可口,有明显的茶香和茶味。

     

    Abstract: Thewhite tea is one of the six traditional types of tea in China. At present, somevarieties in Zhejiang Province have the potential to develop and produce thewhite tea. The fresh leaves of Longjing 43 tea plant were used to make the whitetea according to the traditional process in this paper, and the sensoryevaluation and the detection of the main biochemical components were then carriedout. The results showed that the better quality of white tea could be obtainedby drying the fresh leaves after withering for 38 hours. The contents of teapolyphenols, free amino acids and caffeine were 260.3 ± 2.2 mg·g-1, 41.4 ± 1.3 mg·g-1and 39.3 ± 1.0 mg·g-1, respectively. Then, by taking this as the rawmaterial, the mixed strain was used to conduct the orthogonal experiment ofthree factors at four levels on the fermentation of tea soup. The resultsshowed that the primary and secondary order that affected the sensoryevaluation results of the bacteria solution was the additive amount of whitegranulated sugar > the usage amount of white tea > strain inoculation,among which the additive amount of white granulated sugar had the most significantinfluence. Under the conditions of the strain inoculation of 2.5 mg·mL-1, theadditive amount of white granulated sugar of 0.25 g·mL-1 and theusage amount of white tea of 15.0 g·L-1, the prepared fermented tea beveragewas clear and faint yellow in color, sweet & sour and pleasant in flavor,and had obvious tea aroma and tea taste.

     

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