Abstract: Bacterial communities in soils of 3 different types of tea plantations in the mountainous regions of central Guizhou province were compared. Tea plantations of a newly developed establishment, an existing traditional tea garden, and a niancha farm in Jiu'an Township, Huaxi District, Guiyang were selected, along with the nearby Pinus massoniana forestry area as control, in this study. Microbial 16S rRNA in the collected soil specimens were amplified using high-throughput sequencing technique to determine the bacterial composition and diversity of the communities and analyze the environmental factors affecting them. A total of 41 phyla, 111 classes, 266 orders, 439 families, 852 genera, 1767 species, and 4793 OTUs were identified. Proteobacteria, Actinomycetes, and Acidobacteria were the dominant phyla, while soybean Rhizobium and Sphingomonas, the dominant genera. The bacterial communities at those plantations shared 70% OTUs in common. The RDA analysis revealed the available phosphorus in soil to be the critical external factor that affected the bacterial community structure. Tax4Fun predicted the gene functions significantly differed among the plantations and suggested the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms to be the predominant metabolic pathways (P> 0.05).