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烘焙对冷藏后名优绿茶主要生化成分及感官品质的影响

Effect of Baking Treatments on Storaged Famous Green Tea Sensory Quality and Major Biochemical Components

  • 摘要: 以贮藏5、10个月(含水量分别为8%和13%)的蒙山毛峰为研究对象,分别设定70、90、110和130℃共4个不同温度,进行不同时间的烘焙,探究烘焙工艺对冷藏后名优绿茶主要生化成分和感官品质的影响。结果表明:70℃、90℃和110℃烘焙均可以提高香气,去除陈味,降低茶汤苦涩味,增加醇和度,提高茶叶的感官品质。随着烘焙温度提高和烘焙时间的延长,茶多酚、氨基酸、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)和儿茶素总量下降,水浸出物和可溶性糖的含量未呈规律性变化。90℃烘焙显著降低名优绿茶的茶多酚、EGCG、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG)、ECG、儿茶素没食子酸酯(CG)及儿茶素总量,提高可溶性糖含量,增加茶汤甜度。不同含水量名优绿茶最佳烘焙处理为:90℃烘焙35 min。

     

    Abstract: TakingMengshan Maofeng stored for 5 and 10 months respectively, with a water contentof 8% and 13% as the research object, set 4 different temperatures of 70, 90, 110and 130℃ respectively, and bake for different times, to explore the effect ofbaking process on the sensory quality and effects of major biochemicalcomponents. The results showed that baking at 70℃, 90℃ and 110℃ could improvethe aroma, remove the old taste, reduce the bitterness and astringency of thetea soup, increase the alcohol degree, and improve the sensory quality of tealeaves, and sensory quality scores were higher than others. With the increaseof baking temperature and baking time, the total amount of tea polyphenols,amino acids, ECG, EGCG and catechin decreased, and the content of water extractand soluble sugar did not change regularly. Baking at 90°C has a significanteffect on reducing the total amount of tea polyphenols, EGCG, GCG, ECG, CG and catechinsin green tea, and baking at this temperature for different times can increasethe content of soluble sugar and increase the sweetness of tea soup. Baking at90℃ for 35 min would be the best treatment for storaged famous green tea withdifferent moisture content.

     

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